全面掃描
類(lèi)別 新 課 標 要 求
重
點(diǎn)
單
詞 advertise advertiser consideration charge loss blame broadcast post react annoying accuse associate frequent figure salesman saleswoman profit campaign policy illegal target nowadays nephew waitress hostess bridegroom attach discount bonus quit flu circumstance assessment survival biscuit goat flour nail razor bedding beyond ox frontier salty pond burden desperate beast accustomed thirst starvation anxiety shallow tax anniversary granddaughter throat relief catastrophe deliver Arctic tough sculpture quilt packet ray bark memorial retell
重
點(diǎn)
短
語(yǔ)
1. hand in hand 手拉手；密切相關(guān)地
2. take…into consideration 考慮某事
3. appeal to 呼吁；上訴；有吸引力
4. accuse sb of (doing) sth 指控（某人）
5. get across 傳播；使……被理解
6. keep an eye out for… 留心某人或某事
7. associate with 把……聯(lián)想起來(lái)
8. common sense 常識；情理
9. make sense 有意義；有道理
10. attach to 系，貼，固定，重視
11. react to 與……起反應
12. make millions 賺大錢(qián)
13. in charge of 負責
14. think twice 三思；認真思考
15. be to blame for 應受譴責；應承擔責任
16. at stake 在危險中
17. be hard on 對…刻��；使…難堪
18. make complaints 抱怨
19. be armed with 以……武裝；裝備
20. come to an end 結束；終止
21. be accustomed to 習慣于；有……的習慣
22. set off for 動(dòng)身；開(kāi)始跑
23. go for 設法得到；努力獲取
24. front page news 頭條新聞
25. in anxiety of 渴望
26. keep up 保持；維持；繼續
27. take a close look at oneself
好好反省自己
28. tie up 系；拴；捆
30. take it easy 別著(zhù)急，別緊張
語(yǔ)
法 1. 復習賓語(yǔ)補足語(yǔ)
2. 復習定語(yǔ)
重
點(diǎn)
句
型
1. Thus, instead of selling them the product, the ads sometimes seem to be selling them what money cannot buy: love, happiness and success. 因此，廣告推銷(xiāo)給消費者的有時(shí)候看起來(lái)不是商品，而是用錢(qián)買(mǎi)不到的東西：愛(ài)心、快樂(lè )和成功。
2. It has been proven again and again that frequent advertising increases product sales. 一再證明，經(jīng)常做廣告會(huì )增加產(chǎn)品的銷(xiāo)售額。
3. It was not easy to decide what to take and what to leave behind. 很難取舍什么東西要帶走，什么東西要留下。
4. We had no choice but to pray for God’s mercy, wondering when the long drive would come to an end. 不知道什么時(shí)候才能結束這長(cháng)途跋涉，除了祈求上帝的憐憫我們別無(wú)選擇。
5. If untreated, it would produce a powerful poison that would kill the patient. 如果不治療，就會(huì )產(chǎn)生一種劇烈的毒素，使病人死亡。
6. Every minute counts! 分秒必爭
重點(diǎn)突破
1. People react to advertisements in different ways.
react vi. 反應，反抗；vt. (指物質(zhì)) 起化學(xué)反應
常見(jiàn)的搭配有：
react to sb. /sth. 對……做出反應（回應）
react against sb. /sth. 反對，對抗某人/某事
react with sth. 與……起化學(xué)反應
react on sth 對……有影響；使事物產(chǎn)生變化
【能力拓展】
根據中文選詞填空：
⑴Though the sound could be heard clearly, it took me a long time to react. 盡管聲音聽(tīng)得很清楚，但我還是過(guò)了好一會(huì )兒才做出反應。
⑵The students didn’t react to his proposal. 學(xué)生們對他的提議沒(méi)做出反應。
⑶Didn’t the people there react against the aggressor?
那兒的人們難道不反抗侵略者嗎？
2. annoy vt. 使煩惱；使惱怒
I was annoyed with him as he kept interrupting. 他不停地插話(huà)，真讓我煩透了。
Nothing could have been more annoying than his coming late. 沒(méi)有什么比他遲到更讓人心煩的了。
【溫故知新】
be annoyed with/at/by… 因…而生氣、煩惱
be annoyed 后還可以接不定式短語(yǔ)和that從句。
He was annoyed that I went to the cinema without him.
我看電影沒(méi)有邀他，他在生氣。
I was annoyed to find he broke my cup. 他打破了我的茶杯，讓我很不舒服。
annoying 描述被修飾詞的特點(diǎn)，annoyed 常描述人的感受。類(lèi)似的動(dòng)詞還有：interest, excite, please, move, satisfy, frighten, surprise, astonish 等。
【點(diǎn)擊高考】
⑴_____and happy, Tony stood up and accepted the prize.
A. Surprising B. Surprised (2006全國I)
C. Being surprised D. To be surprising
【題解】由題中happy可知，空白處需一個(gè)與之相稱(chēng)的形容詞一起來(lái)做狀語(yǔ)，只有surprised 可形容Tony 此時(shí)的心情。C是現在分詞強調動(dòng)作的進(jìn)行。D 為不定式強調動(dòng)作將要發(fā)生。故答案選B。
⑵A good story does not necessarily have to have a happy ending, but the reader must not be left ____. (2006天津)
A. unsatisfied B. unsatisfying
C. to be unsatisfying D. being unsatisfied
【題解】選A�？瞻滋幮枰粋�(gè)主語(yǔ)補足語(yǔ)來(lái)補充“the reader”的感受。題意為：一個(gè)好的故事不一定得有一個(gè)好的結尾，但務(wù)必得讓讀者感到滿(mǎn)意。
⑶-Did you enjoy yourself at the party?
-Yes, I’ve never been to ____one before. (2006年四川)
A. a more excited B. the most excited
C. a more exciting D. the most exciting
[題解]選C。此題中用one代替party, 但并不是前句中的“party”,所以用不定冠詞a；用exciting，是因為此處要對party進(jìn)行描述。另外，題意為“ 我以前還從未參加過(guò)比這更讓人激動(dòng)的晚會(huì )”，用比較級，但表達了一個(gè)“最高級”的含義。
3. On the other hand, critics sometimes accuse companies of using ads to….
accuse vt. 控告；譴責
常有的搭配：
accuse sb. of (doing) sth. 指控(責)某人…
He was accused of being a spy. 他被指控為間諜。
The soldiers were accused of running away when the enemy attacked. 敵人來(lái)襲士兵臨陣脫逃，那可是犯罪。
類(lèi)似的詞組還有：
charge sb. with (doing) sth. 指控
blame sb. for (doing) sth. 責備
4. …advertisers must work hard to get their message across.
get across 傳播，被理解，（把…）講清楚
以下是get短語(yǔ)的歸納:
get about 到處走動(dòng),（消息）傳開(kāi)
get above 超過(guò)，克服
get along /on ( with sb /sth) 相處；進(jìn)展
get away 逃脫；離開(kāi)
get back 取回；帶回
get by 通過(guò)；走過(guò)
get down to (doing) sth 開(kāi)始認真做…
get in touch with sb 與…聯(lián)系；接觸
get rid of 除掉；擺脫
get round 傳開(kāi)；避開(kāi)；爭�。橙耍�
get through 接通（電話(huà)）；通過(guò)（考試）
【點(diǎn)擊高考】
⑴There are a lot of people standing at the door and the small girl couldn’t get_____. (2006全國Ⅱ)
A. between B. through C. across D. beyond
【題解】題意是“門(mén)邊站著(zhù)那么多人，小女孩沒(méi)法通過(guò)”。據題意，選B。
⑵-How are you managing to do your work without an assistant? (2006重慶)
-Well，I____ somehow.
A. get along B. come on C. watch out D. set off
【題解】A．固定短語(yǔ)意義辨析。get along 這個(gè)短語(yǔ)除了我們熟悉的“進(jìn)展，相處”外，另一很重要的意義是manage to work, 系一不及物詞組；根據題意：沒(méi)有助手，我一個(gè)人想辦法對付著(zhù)干。
⑶-The boss said we had only three days to finish the work.
-Don't worry. We have already ____two thirds of it.
(2006四川)
A. got down B. got through C. given away D. given in
【題解】本題考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的含義。get down（從）…下來(lái)，吞下，使沮喪；get through：到達，做完，通過(guò)，打通；give in：投降，屈服，讓步；give away：送掉，分發(fā)，泄漏。根據題干理解B項正確。
5. There are many things we need to take into consideration before we buy an expensive products,...
take sth. into consideration (=take sth. into account)
考慮某事物
We will take your proposal into consideration. 我們會(huì )把你的建議納入考慮范圍。
與之相關(guān)的詞組還有：
in consideration of 考慮到，由于；作為…的酬勞
have/leave sth. out of consideration 對…不予考慮，忽視某事
on (under) no consideration 決不
【能力拓展】
根據中文意思補充下面句子，使之完整：
⑴I have to take my income into consideration when buying a car. 我買(mǎi)車(chē)時(shí)必須要把我的收入考慮在內。
⑵In consideration of his age, I won’t let my grandpa go there alone. 考慮到年紀，我不會(huì )讓我爺爺獨自去那兒。
⑶Their proposals are still under no consideration.
他們的建議仍然不在考慮范圍之內。
6. Armed with facts and figures, customers are better…
過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)是句子的主語(yǔ)customers。
arm sb. with sth.: 用…來(lái)裝備（武裝）某人
A few angry young men armed themselves with sticks and stones. 幾個(gè)憤怒的年輕人拿棍子和石塊作武器。
【溫故知新】
⑴Armed with the new machine, a search party went into the cave hoping to find buried treasure. 裝備有新設備，搜索小組進(jìn)入山洞尋找掩埋的財寶。
⑵She arrived at the interview armed with lists of projects.
她帶著(zhù)幾個(gè)項目前去面試。
【點(diǎn)擊高考】
⑴____with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time. (2006四川)
A. Faced B. Face C. Facing D. To face
【題解】句意為“面臨如此多的麻煩，我們沒(méi)能按時(shí)完成任務(wù)”。根據句子結構，先排除B，沒(méi)有連詞；根據動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間，也排除C、D，因為“facing”現在分詞表示進(jìn)行，“to face”表示目的；故選A.
⑵Faced with a bill for ＄10,000,______. (2006陜西)
A. John has taken an extra job
B. the boss has given john an extra job
C. an extra job has been taken
D. an extra job has been given to John
【題解】本題考查考生非謂語(yǔ)形式過(guò)去分詞和句子主語(yǔ)之間的邏輯關(guān)系，只有“人”才能面對，可排除C、D項，B項明顯與題意不合。答案為A。
⑶_____in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor. (2005湖南)
A. Dressed B. To dress C. Dressing D. Having dressed
【題解】句意：他穿著(zhù)白制服看上去與其說(shuō)象大夫不如說(shuō)象廚師。本題測試be dressed in表狀態(tài)用法，A項正確。
⑷____ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police (2005江蘇)
A. Losing B. Lost C. Being lost D. Having lost
【題解】“失蹤”用be lost；本題測試be lost表狀態(tài)用法。B項正確。
⑸ with a difficult situation, Arnold decided to ask his boss for advice. (2005北京春)
A. To face B. Facing C. Faced D. Having faced
【題解】句意：面對這困難處境……，本題測試be faced with…(面對)表狀態(tài)用法。C項正確。
7. A good ad often uses words to which people attach positive meanings. 一條好的廣告常用能引起人們正面聯(lián)想的詞語(yǔ)。
attach vt. 系；貼；附加；認為有（重要性）
常有以下搭配：
attach sth. to sth. 把…系到（貼到）…上
attach oneself/sb. to sb. /sth. 加入；使隸屬于
be attached to sb. /sth. 依附于；依戀于
【能力拓展】
根據句后的漢語(yǔ)完成下列句子。
⑴Would you attach a stamp to the envelop and mail it? 請幫我把信封貼上郵票然后寄出去好嗎？
⑵The middle school attached to that university is very famous. 那所大學(xué)的附屬中學(xué)很有名氣。
⑶We’re grown very attached to this city and would hate to leave. 我們十分留戀這座城市，真不愿離開(kāi)。
8. Thus，instead of selling them the product, the ads sometimes seem to be selling them what money cannot buy: love, happiness and success. 因此，廣告推銷(xiāo)給消費者的有時(shí)候看起來(lái)不是商品，而是用錢(qián)買(mǎi)不到的東西：愛(ài)心、快樂(lè )和成功。
to be selling 不定式的進(jìn)行式
如果謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作(狀態(tài))發(fā)生時(shí)，不定式表示的動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，不定式要用進(jìn)行式，主要用作：
1）某些及物動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)：
He pretended to be listening attentively. 他假裝專(zhuān)心聽(tīng)講的樣子。
2）某些及物動(dòng)詞后構成賓語(yǔ)補足語(yǔ)：
Of course we should like everything to be going smoothly. 當然我們愿意一切都進(jìn)行得很順利。
3）用作主語(yǔ)：
It’s nice of you to be thinking of us. 難為你在想著(zhù)我們。
4）用作狀語(yǔ)：
I’m glad to be working with you. 很高興與你一道工作。
【能力拓展】
將下列復合句轉換成簡(jiǎn)單句：
⑴It is said that they are building another bridge across the river.→They are said to be building another bridge across the river.
⑵It seems that they are getting along quite well.→They seem to be getting along quite well.
⑶We didn’t expect that you were waiting for us here.→
We didn’t expect you to be waiting for us here.
⑷He pretended he was reading an important paper when the boss entered.→He pretended to be reading an important paper when the boss entered.
⑸It is not likely that they are working out of doors in such weather. →They are not likely to be working out of doors in such weather.
9. It has been proven again and again that frequent advertising increases product sales. 一再證明，經(jīng)常做廣告會(huì )增加產(chǎn)品的銷(xiāo)售額。
It is＋及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞＋that從句 是一常見(jiàn)句型，常見(jiàn)及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞有：said, told, known, reported, recorded, thought, believed, considered等。
【能力拓展】
根據括號內的漢語(yǔ)完成下列句子
⑴It is reported that China has sent another man-made earth satellite into orbit. （中國又發(fā)射了另一顆人造地球衛星進(jìn)入軌道。）
⑵It is said that this examination is a real challenge. (這次
考試是一次真正的挑戰。)
⑶It is thought that the early European playing-cards were designed for entertainment and education. (作為娛樂(lè )和教育來(lái)設計的。)
⑷It has been proven again that each successful teacher has a way of his own.（每一個(gè)成功的教師都有他自己獨特的方式。）
10．This account of the wonderful land beyond the Rocky Mountains gave him the idea to move there.
beyond prep. 在…的那邊；超出 adv. 在更遠處
【溫故知新】
（1）學(xué)習以下例句：
a. My friend, Tom, lives beyond the lake. 我的朋友湯
姆住在湖那邊。
b. Our teacher arrived beyond ten o’clock. 我們老師過(guò)了十點(diǎn)才到。
c. If the work is beyond my teacher, it is beyond me. 如果我的老師干不了這工作，那我也干不了。
（2）beyond的常用搭配：
beyond belief 難以置信
beyond compare 無(wú)與倫比的，不可及的
beyond description 無(wú)法形容
beyond hope 沒(méi)希望的，絕望的
beyond one’s reach 夠不著(zhù)
beyond words 無(wú)法用言語(yǔ)表達
【點(diǎn)擊高考】
⑴-Can he take charge of the computer company?
-I’m afraid it’s _____his ability. (2006四川)
A. beyond B. within C. of D. to
【題解】選A。題意為“恐怕他能力不夠吧”。只有beyond有超出(他能力)的含義。
⑵Sorry, Madam. You’d better come tomorrow because it’s _____the visiting hours. (2006福建)
A. during B. at C. beyond D. before
【題解】選C。題意為“對不起，夫人。因為已超過(guò)了訪(fǎng)問(wèn)時(shí)間，你最好明天來(lái)”。
⑶It’s quite me why such things have been allowed to happen. （2006安徽）
A. for B. behind C. against D. beyond
【題解】介詞固定搭配。be beyond sb=be impossible for sb to imagine, understand or calculate.句意：我很不解的是為什么這些事能被允許發(fā)生。D項正確。
11. …we entered the desert and soon lost our way.
lose one’s way 迷路
【溫故知新】
與lose搭配的短語(yǔ)還有：
lose one’s appetite 沒(méi)胃口，食欲減退
lose one’s balance 失去平衡；心慌意亂
lose one’s breath 喘不過(guò)氣來(lái)
lose one’s spirit 垂頭喪氣
lose one’s temper 發(fā)脾氣
lose one’s heart to sb 愛(ài)上某人
lose heart 失望，灰心，喪失勇氣
12. …and their tongues hung out in desperate need of water.
desperate adj. 絕望的；極嚴重的；拼命的
The country is in a desperate state after the war. 這場(chǎng)戰
爭之后，這個(gè)國家處于非常危急的困境。
He’s desperate to pass the college entrance examinations. 他極度渴望通過(guò)高考。
The man lost in the desert was desperate for water.
在沙漠中迷失方向的人最渴望的是水。
Desperate situations demand desperate remedies.
（諺語(yǔ)）絕境要用絕招。
【溫故知新】
hopeless adj. 是指不抱有任何希望而甘愿忍受可能發(fā)生的一切。
desperate adj. 是指因絕望而不顧一切，鋌而走險。
desperation n . 強調因絕望導致的自暴自棄。
despair n.. 只是絕望、失望，不強調產(chǎn)生的后果。
【能力拓展】
用恰當的詞填空：
⑴In desperation he robbed a bank. 絕望中他搶了銀行。
⑵In despair he gave up the struggle. 他絕望地放棄了斗爭。
⑶The prisoners grew more desperate. 囚徒們在絕望中更不顧死活了。
⑷It’s hopeless trying to persuade him to study hard. 想勸他努力學(xué)習是沒(méi)有指望的。
13. For many weeks we had been accustomed to seeing horses and oxen suffering from heat, thirst, and starvation.
accustomed adj. 習慣的，通常的。
由accustomed sb. to (doing) sth. 而產(chǎn)生的be accustomed to (doing) sth. ，和be used to （doing）sth. 同義，但比be used to 正式。其中，除了be動(dòng)詞外，還可用get，become，grow等系動(dòng)詞。
I am accustomed to this new way of life. 我習慣了這種新的生活方式。
He soon got accustomed to working at night. 他很快就習慣上晚班了。
I'm not accustomed to getting up so early to do morning exercise. 我不習慣這么早起床進(jìn)行晨練。
14. In anxiety of reaching a place of safety, no one stopped to look or help.
anxiety n. 憂(yōu)慮；擔心；焦慮；渴望；熱望
He was ill and his parents were waiting with anxiety for the doctor to arrive. 他病了，父母親焦急地等著(zhù)醫生的到來(lái)。
She was praised for her anxiety for knowledge. 她因渴望知識而受到表?yè)P。
常用的詞組有：
In anxiety of reaching a place of safety, no one stopped to look or help. （渴望）
He was waiting for his brother's return with anxiety.
他焦慮地等著(zhù)兄弟歸來(lái)。（焦急地）
【溫故知新】
anxiety的形容詞是anxious，焦急的，發(fā)愁的
詞組有： be anxious about/for 為……擔憂(yōu)
be anxious for 渴望得到
eager是其同義詞，更強調對成功的渴望，含有積極的意義，而anxious強調“擔心、憂(yōu)慮”，對結果感到不安。
【能力拓展】
用eager、anxiety和anxious填空：
⑴We waited for news with a growing sense of anxiety.
我們等待著(zhù)消息，越來(lái)越著(zhù)急。
⑵I’m very anxious about my son’s health. 我非常擔心兒子的健康。
⑶We are all anxious/eager to meet you.我們都渴望見(jiàn)你。
⑷He is eager to do that interesting work. 他急于想做那
件有趣的工作。
⑸She is eager to go to college, but anxious about not passing the college entrance examinations. 她渴望上大學(xué)，但是又擔心高考通不過(guò)。
15. If untreated, it would produce a powerful poison. 如果不治療，它就會(huì )產(chǎn)生一種劇烈的毒素。
當分詞作狀語(yǔ)表示時(shí)間、條件、讓步、或方式時(shí)，可以在分詞前加上相應的連詞，也可以看成是省略了主語(yǔ)和部分謂語(yǔ)的省略句。在狀語(yǔ)從句中，當主從句的主語(yǔ)一致且謂語(yǔ)中含有系動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)詞be時(shí)，從句的主語(yǔ)和be就可省略。
【點(diǎn)擊高考】
⑴When _____ different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities. (2006浙江)
A. compared B. being compared
C. comparing D. having compared
【題解】本題考查現在分詞和過(guò)去分詞區別.本句的主語(yǔ)是we, 當when 引導的從句的主語(yǔ)與句子的主語(yǔ)一致時(shí),可以用When we are comparing different cultures省略形式。
⑵When____ help, one often says “ Thank you. ” or “It’s
kind of you. ” （2005福建）
A. offering B. to offer C. to be offered D. offered
【題解】選D。題意為“當一個(gè)人得到幫助時(shí)，他常會(huì )說(shuō)“謝謝”或者“你真好”。狀語(yǔ)為“when one is offered help”。
⑶____ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all. （2004湖北）
A. Compare B. When comparing
C. Comparing D. When compared
【題解】D。句子主語(yǔ)ocean與compare存在邏輯上的被
動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞。如不省略，狀語(yǔ)應為：“When the biggest ocean is compared with the size of the whole earth,…”。
⑷When first to the market, these products enjoyed great success. (2004 全國Ⅱ)
A. introducing B. introduced
C. introduce D. being introduced
【題解】B。題意為“當這些產(chǎn)品首次上市，就獲得了巨
大的成功”。狀語(yǔ)可以擴展為從句“when they were first
introduced ……”，其中“they”就是“these products”。
⑸Unless to speak, you should remain silent at the conference. （2003上海春）
A. invited B. inviting
C. being invited D. having invited
【題解】A非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞考查，在邏輯上you與invited存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系, 需用過(guò)去分詞。Unless invited是狀語(yǔ)從句Unless you are invited to speak的省略。
⑹When , the museum will be open to the public next year. （2002上海春）
A. completed B. completing
C. being completed D. to be completed
【題解】A非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞考查，在邏輯上the museum與completed存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系，需用過(guò)去分詞。when completed是狀語(yǔ)從句when the museum is completed的省略。
16. We had no choice but to pray for God’s mercy, wondering when the long drive would come to an end. 不知道什么時(shí)候才能結束這長(cháng)途跋涉，除了祈求上帝的憐憫我們別無(wú)選擇。
but除了做連詞用外還可以做介詞用，意為“除……以外”,可接動(dòng)詞不定式。
I had no alternative but to walk out.
除了退出我別無(wú)選擇。
He wanted nothing but to stay there.
除了呆在這里他什么也不需要。
但do nothing but…；…nothing but…后接原型動(dòng)詞。
He did nothing but complain. 除了抱怨他什么也不做。
There seemed nothing else to do but send for the doctor.
除了派人去請醫生外似乎無(wú)計可施。
Yesterday I had nothing to do but stay at home all day. 昨天，我除了整天呆在家里外，無(wú)事可做。
17. 語(yǔ)法掃描
A. Review the Object Complement
⑴補語(yǔ)是用來(lái)補充說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)的特征，使主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)在意義上更加完整。一些使役動(dòng)詞、感官類(lèi)動(dòng)詞以及介詞with都常帶賓語(yǔ)補足語(yǔ)。賓補通常由名詞、形容詞、代詞、數詞、副詞以及不定式、分詞、介詞短語(yǔ)等充當，賓補一般放在賓語(yǔ)之后。
⑵當不定式和分詞作賓補時(shí)，要特別注意賓語(yǔ)和補語(yǔ)間的邏輯關(guān)系。相對謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞來(lái)講，不定式表示動(dòng)作的全過(guò)程，動(dòng)作即將發(fā)生或業(yè)已發(fā)生；而現在分詞表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行中，還沒(méi)結束，且和賓語(yǔ)有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系；過(guò)去分詞作賓補表示賓語(yǔ)和補語(yǔ)呈邏輯動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，且過(guò)去分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)一般不是句子的主語(yǔ)。
B. Review the Attribute
定語(yǔ)是用來(lái)說(shuō)明名詞或代詞的品質(zhì)和特征的詞。
⑴可以作定語(yǔ)的有形容詞、名詞、代詞、數詞、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、介詞短語(yǔ)和從句等。
⑵定語(yǔ)的位置一般比較固定。單個(gè)詞一般位于所修飾詞前；短語(yǔ)或從句作定語(yǔ)，一般放在所修飾詞的后面。
⑶定語(yǔ)從句有限制性和非限制性之分。限制性定語(yǔ)從句是被修飾詞不可或缺的定語(yǔ)；而非限制性定語(yǔ)從句只是對被修飾詞的一種補充說(shuō)明，并非必不可少，常用逗號將兩者分開(kāi)。
【能力拓展】
在下列句子中的賓補和定語(yǔ)下面劃線(xiàn)：
⑴We all made him chairman of our meeting. 我們一致選他當會(huì )議主席。（名詞作賓補。當表示職務(wù)、官銜的詞作賓補時(shí)，要省略冠詞。）
⑵I found it hard to study English. （形容詞作賓補。it常帶不定式、動(dòng)名詞和從句作形式賓語(yǔ)。）
⑶My teacher asked me to answer his question tomorrow. （不定式短語(yǔ)作賓補。）
⑷The old man had the fire burning all night. （現在分詞作賓補）
⑸I’ll have my radio repaired this afternoon. 今天下午我
將請人修一下我的收音機。（過(guò)去分詞作賓補）
⑹Last night, I fell asleep with the light on. 昨晚我睡著(zhù)了，燈也沒(méi)關(guān)。（副詞作賓補）
⑺This is a beautiful school. （形容詞作定語(yǔ)）
⑻These women teachers are very kind. （名詞作定語(yǔ)。名詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，一般用單數。但是：a. woman, man作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，隨著(zhù)所修飾詞的單復數變化而變化；b. 某些常用復數的名詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，仍須用復數。如：a clothes shop服裝店, sales department營(yíng)業(yè)部，arms production武器生產(chǎn)。）
⑼Your suggestion is valuable for me. (代詞作定語(yǔ))
⑽On my way home, I met an old friend. （副詞作定語(yǔ)。副詞作定語(yǔ)一般要后置。）
⑾The swimming pool in our school is always full of people in summer. （動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)。動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)用來(lái)說(shuō)明所修飾詞的功能與作用。）
⑿The book whose cover is red was bought yesterday. （句子作定語(yǔ)，即定語(yǔ)從句。引導定語(yǔ)從句的連詞有關(guān)系代詞which, that, who, whom, whose, as和關(guān)系副詞when, where, why。）
【點(diǎn)擊高考】
⑴－It’s a top secret.
－Yes, I see. I will keep the secret ____you and me.
(2006上海)
A. with B. around C. among D. between
【題解】選D介詞短語(yǔ)作賓補。在“你、我之間”用between。
⑵In the dream Peter saw himself ____by a fierce wolf, and he woke suddenly with a start. (2006上海春)
A. chased B. to be chased
C. be chased D. having been chased
【題解】選A。過(guò)去分詞作賓補。題意：在夢(mèng)中，彼得發(fā)現自己被一匹惡狼追趕，他猛然驚醒。
⑶I couldn’t do my homework with all that noise ____.
(2005北京)
A. going on B. goes on C. went on D. to go on
【題解】選A�，F在分詞作with的賓語(yǔ)補足語(yǔ)。noise與go on間是主謂關(guān)系，動(dòng)作又在進(jìn)行中，故用現在分詞。B、C是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；D是不定式，指將來(lái)，都不合題意。
⑷In an hour, we can travel to places____ would have taken our ancestors days to reach. (2006上海)
A. where B. when C. which D. what
【題解】選C。從句作定語(yǔ)。關(guān)系代詞which代替先行詞places在從句中做主語(yǔ)。題意：再過(guò)一小時(shí)，我們就能到我們祖先過(guò)去要花數日才能抵達的地方了。
⑸The disc, digitally ____ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night. (2004上海)
A. recorded B. recording
C. to be recorded D. having recorded
【題解】選A過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)。唱片已被錄制完成，故不用現在分詞或不定式。題意：用數碼技術(shù)在錄音棚錄制的這張唱片，那晚在晚會(huì )上聽(tīng)起來(lái)就象天籟之音。實(shí)戰演練
I. 單項填空
( )1. We were at ____loss when ____ word came that our team lost the game again.
A. a; / B. a; the C. the; the D. /; /
【題解】選A at a loss 不知所措；word作“消息”時(shí)，不需冠詞；that從句是word的同位語(yǔ)。
( )2. Does she say anything that ____ you especially?
A. appeals to B. interests to
C. reacts to D. satisfies with
【題解】選A appeal to 激發(fā)……的感情。
( )3. At class I have to shout ____ by all of you.
A. making myself hear B. to make myself hear
C. making myself heard D. to make myself heard
【題解】選D 據句意，此處應用不定式短語(yǔ)作目的狀語(yǔ)；過(guò)去分詞heard作myself的補語(yǔ)，“讓自己被聽(tīng)到”。
( )4. When people think of “Haier”，they always ____it with good quality.
A. associate B. advertise C. combine D. trade
【題解】選A。associate...with把…與…聯(lián)系起來(lái)；advertise做廣告；combine...with把…與…結合起來(lái)；trade with與…做買(mǎi)賣(mài)。
( )5. They sell the sweater ____ a discount of 30 percent.
A. on B. for C. at D. with
【題解】選C�！鞍础劭邸庇胊t a discount of。
( )6. ____ your step, Peter, or you might fall into the water.
A. Look out B. Watch C. Take D. Notice
【題解】選B。look out不能直接接名詞，要加for才行；Watch your step! 留神腳下！Watch one’s step走路小心，講話(huà)/做事謹慎。
( )7.The ____of the pain can be easily achieved but the disease can be hardly cured.
A. relief B. relax C. release D. ease
【題解】選A。relief舒緩、解放；relax v. 放松、松懈；release n.發(fā)行、放出；ease n.舒適、悠閑、不費力。
( )8. What’s your ___of her chances of passing the exam?
A. assessment B. calculation
C. figure D. impression
【題解】選A。assessment評價(jià)，估計；calculation計算；figure數字，人物；impression印象。題意：你估計她通過(guò)考試的機會(huì )有多大？
( )9. I work in a business ____ almost everyone is waiting for a great chance.
A. how B. which C. where D. that
【題解】選C。where引導的定語(yǔ)從句。關(guān)系副詞where代替先行詞business在從句中充當地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。先行詞 business不表示生意而是“公司；企業(yè)”的意思。
( )10. The two countries finally ____ about import taxes on bedroom furniture.
A. came to end B. came to a conclusion
C. came to an agreement D. came to a understanding
【題解】選C，“達成一致協(xié)議”。A為“結束”；B為“得出結論”；D為“更好的理解”。
( )11. I lost the pen I had planned to have ___in the shop.
A. repair B. repaired C. repairing D. to repair
【題解】選B，過(guò)去分詞作賓補。have 是使役動(dòng)詞，其賓語(yǔ)是省略了的關(guān)系代詞which或that。題意：我弄丟了原計劃在這家店子請人修理的那支筆。
( )12. He ____ her when he met her for the first time.
A. lost his heart to B. lost heart
C. put his heart to D. set his heart to
【題解】選A，愛(ài)上某人。B為“失去信心，氣餒”；C為“用全部精力去做…”；D為“下決心去做”。
( )13. His visits became less ____ as time passed.
A. often B. usual C. frequent D. frequently
【題解】選C。形容詞作表語(yǔ)，強調動(dòng)作的重復頻率；often雖也強調經(jīng)常性，但具體時(shí)間意味不強；usual是通常的，一向的，平常的意思。題意為：隨著(zhù)時(shí)間的推移，他的到訪(fǎng)不那么頻繁了。
( )14. How much would you ____ for repairing my car?
A. spend B. cost C. charge D. pay
【題解】選C。charge表“收費”，即：幫我修車(chē)，你會(huì )收費多少？
( )15. I was given three books on cooking, the first ____ I really enjoyed.
A. of that B. of which C. that D. which
【題解】選B。which代替three books,引導非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。關(guān)系代詞that不能和介詞連用，且不引導非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。題意：我得了三本有關(guān)烹飪的書(shū)，其中第一本是我所喜歡的。
Ⅱ. 完形填空
When I arrived at the address he gave, I saw a fat lady leaving the building. I told her I was a private 1 and asked her about Alfred. A tall man 2 me into the building. She said he was Mr. Alfred. But I 3 him as Penny Quail. I followed him into the building and ran up the 4 to apartment 202. I rang the doorbell, 3 5 answered and the middle of the door had 3 bullet holes in it. I 6 the door and the lock broke.
As I ran into the room, I saw Quail and a woman struggling on the floor. The woman was Audrey Gatewood, gun in hand. I grabbed(奪取)it saying, “That’s 7 ! Get up.” Quail sat down in a chair 8 trying to catch his breath, but the woman stood in the center of the room. “You are just 9 I didn’t shoot you.” She said angrily, “How did you 10 the truth?”
“In several 11 .” I answered. “First, one of your friends said she 12 you on Market Street between 8:15 and 8:45 the night you disappeared. But the 13 on the letter to your father read 8:00 pm. Quail should have waited longer 14 mailing the letter. When you didn’t come home after the money was 15 , I had an idea you kidnapped(綁架)yourself, then I thought you would need to buy clothing. You left home that night just to take a walk 16 and couldn’t bring a 17 full of clothing with you. I knew you had a man helping you. I thought 18 the man would buy what you needed. He did but had the store 19 the clothing to this place. That’s how I knew where to find you.”
Gatewood met his daughter at the police station. I could see the 20 they had for each other, not a very happy reunion(團聚).
( )1 A. detective B. representative
C. guard D. lawyer
( )2 A. agreed with B. called for
C. got away from D. walked past
( )3 A. treated B. considered
C. recognized D. employed
( )4 A. roof B. stairs C. surface D. balcony
( )5 A. attacks B. murders
C. gunshots D. explosions
( )6 A. kicked at B. knocked at
C. pointed at D. stared at
( )7 A . right B. enough C. wonderful D. great
( )8 A. as well B. straight away
C. as usual D. on time
( )9 A . miserable B. intelligent
C. hopeful D. fortunate
( )10 A. tell B. prove C. utilize D. discover
( )11 A. languages B. directions
C. ways D. moods
( )12 A. mentioned B. saw
C. interrupted D. inspected
( )13 A . postmark B. address
C. mark D. handwriting
( )14 A .after B. without C. during D. before
( )15 A . withdrew B. wasted
C. paid D. refused
( )16 A. by accident B. with care
C. after all D. all the time
( )17 A. box B. purse C. suitcase D. packet
( )18 A. therefore B. perhaps C. indeed D. thus
( )19 A. drive B. deliver C. transport D. send
( )20 A. shame B. regret C. attention D. hate
【題解】
1. A 從下文可得知I應是一“偵探”。
2. D “經(jīng)過(guò)”。
3. C 從偵探的角度理解只能是“認出”。
4. B 從apartment 202理解，應該是上“樓梯”。
5. C 從3 bullet holes理解，應該是三聲“槍響”。
6. A 從上文槍響后當然是“踢門(mén)”。
7. B 從上下文理解“夠了”。
8. B 與上文get up呼應“立刻、馬上”……。
9. D 沒(méi)擊中，“幸運”。
10. D “察覺(jué)”真相。
11. C “方式、方法”
12. B “看見(jiàn)、見(jiàn)到”。
13. A 在信封上能見(jiàn)到時(shí)間只能是“郵戳”。
14. D 從上文between 8:15 and 8:45理解，當然是before。
15. C 從上下文理解應是“交贖金”。
16. A “偶然”。
17. C “手提箱”
18. B “也許”C項語(yǔ)氣太強。
19. D 讓人“送”
20. D 從上文可得知Audrey Gatewood自己綁架了自己，父女的關(guān)系當然緊張對立
Ⅲ． 閱讀理解
A
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Our chairs have an unusually supportive, one-piece seat and back, which makes them look smarter than most, and a coordinating hardwood frame (框架). Available（可買(mǎi)到的）in A (green seat with green frame) or B (natural colored seat with stained wood frame) they are on offer for only $24.95 each, or buy two of the same color for $44.90 and save $5.
You can telephone your order, giving your MasterCard/ Visa number on 01509 638620(24 hours a day, seven days a week).
PLEASE allow up to 14 days for delivery from receipt of order. Price will be paid back if item is returned within 14 days of receipt.
Post to Daily Mail Director’s Chairs Offer L2259,
Belton Road West, Loughborough, Leics LE11 5XL.
Please send me:
…………………………….Director’s chair(s)
L2259/J015 at $24.95 each.
…………………………….x2 Director’s chairs
L2259/S262 at $44.90
Color(s): A…………..; B…………...
Name:…………………………………
(Please include title and initials)
Address：…………………………………
Postcode：………………………………
I enclose a crossed cheque payable to Daily Mail Offers for $.................or debit my MasterCard/Visa account by $...................
Card No.： ………………………….
Expiry date：………………………
Tel No.： …………………………..
If you do not wish to receive details of other offers or services, please tick this box:□
( )1. A man bought two chairs: the type of “A” and the type of “B”. How much did he have to pay?
A. $49.90. B. $29.95. C. $44.90. D. $89.80.
( )2. Which of the following is all the information that the Daily Mail Director’s Chairs Offer requires?
A. Address, cheque, type of chairs, profession.
B. Color of chair, your telephone number, postcode, age.
C. Your telephone number, postcode, address, name, cheque payable or card number.
D. Name, job, number of chairs, address.
( )3. What is the best way to solve the problem if one is not satisfied with a chair?
A. The company will send someone to fix it.
B. The chair can’t be returned after having been sold.
C. He can do nothing but use it.
D. He can return the chair within 14 days.
【題解】
1. 選A。文章中“Available in A or B they are on offer for only $24.95 each”已說(shuō)明。若要買(mǎi)A和B兩款，則要24.95 x 2 =49.90。
2. 選C。細節理解題。從文中很容易找到相關(guān)細節。
3. 選D。根據“Price will be paid back if item is returned within 14 days of receipt”可以推斷出。
B
Never give out identifying information such as Name, Home, Address, School Name, or Telephone Number in a public message such as at a chat room or on bulletin boards. Never send a person a picture of you without first checking with your parents.
Never reply to message or bulletin board items that are: Suggestive/Bob scene(下流的)Ready to fight/ Express intention to hurt/Make you feel uncomfortable.
Be careful when someone offers something for nothing, such as gifts or money. Be very careful about any offers that get you to meet or have someone visit your house.
Tell your parents right away if you come across any information that makes you feel uncomfortable.
Never arrange a face-to-face meeting without telling your parents. If your parents agree to the meeting, make sure that you meet in a public place and have a parent with you.
Remember people On-line may not be who they seem.
Because you can’t see or even hear the person, it would be easy for someone to misrepresent himself/ herself.
Thus someone says that “she is a 12-year-old girl” could really be an old man.
Be sure that you are dealing with someone that you and your parents know and trust before giving out any personal information about yourself through E-mail
Get to know your “on-line friends” just as you get to know all of your friends.
( )4. The best title for the passage is_____.
A. Believe Nobody on the Net
B. Be Careful about the on-line Friends
C. Don’t Be Honest on the Net
D. Make Friends with Those you Believe in
( )5. The underlined word “misrepresent” in the passage means_____.
A. making a wrong judgment about
B. understanding somebody wrongly
C. giving a wrong description of
D. forming a wrong opinion about
( )6. If you want to make friends with others on line, you should _____.
A. invite them to visit your house very often
B. find out more about them in many ways
C. break away from them by all means
D. attracting their attention on the internet
【題解】
4. D 綜合判斷題，從文中的主要內容可以看出。
5. C 猜測詞意題，從上下文可以推出。
6. B 細節推斷題，從文章最后一句just as you get to know all of your friends理解可得出正確答案。
Ⅴ. 短文填空
閱讀短文，根據所讀內容在文后1～10的空格里填上適當的單詞或短語(yǔ)。注意：每空不超過(guò)3個(gè)單詞。
While it is impossible to live completely free of stress, it is possible to prevent stress as well as reduce its effect when it can’t be avoided. The US Department of Health and Human Services offers the following suggestions for ways to deal with stress.
Try physical activity
When you are nervous, angry or upset, try releasing the pressure through exercise or physical activity. Running, walking, playing tennis, or working in your garden are just some of the activities you might try.
Take care of yourself
You should make every effort to eat well and get enough rest. If you easily get angry and cannot sleep well enough, or if you’re not eating properly, it will be more likely that you will fall into stressful situations. If stress repeatedly keeps you from sleeping, you should consult a doctor.
Make time for yourself
Schedule time(確定時(shí)間)for both work and entertainment.
座位號
Don’t forget, play can be just as important to you over-all well-being as work. You need a break from
your daily routine(日常工作)to just relax and have fun. Go
window-shopping or work on a hobby. Allow yourself at least a half hour each day to do something you enjoy.
Make a list of the things you need to do
Stress can result from disorganization and a feeling that “there’s so much to do, and not enough time”. Trying to take care of everything at once can be too much for you and as a result, you may not achieve anything. Instead, make a list of everything you have to do, then do one thing at a time, checking off each task as it is completed. Set out to do the most important tasks first.
How to 1. __ stress
Stressful situations 2.___________
Phenomena 3.___nervous, angry or upset Try physical activity running, walking, playing tennis or 4.___
●easily getting angry
●not sleeping well enough
●not eating properly 5. _________yourself ●making every effort to eat well, and get enough rest
●6. ___________ a doctor
7._________ From daily routine Make time for yourself relaxing and having fun ●go window-shopping
●work on a hobby
●do something 8._____
From 9. ___________ Make a list ●10.________to do the most important tasks
●doing one thing at a time
●checking out each task
1. deal with/face 2. Suggestions 3. Being 4.gardening 5.Take care of
6. consulting 7. Causes/Reasons 8. you enjoy 9. disorganization 10. setting out
Ⅴ.書(shū)面表達
不少父母都有望子成龍的心態(tài)，請根據所給圖示以A Frightening Childhood為題寫(xiě)一議論文，詞數120左右，短文開(kāi)頭已給出。
A Frightening Childhood
At present many parents hope that their children can become the top talents in their childhood. ___________________________
_____________
_____________
One possible version:
Nowadays many parents hope that their children can become the top talents in their childhood. So they ask their children to devote all their spare time to a variety of special training after school, such as painting, playing the piano and the violin. Actually their children are full of fear and complaint.
Children should study hard and they should take part in all kinds of activities that they enjoy after school. In this way they can learn something with great interest and develop abilities. It is very helpful for them to grow up. But they should not be forced to do what they don’t like. Sometimes parents’ good wish may make their children tired of everything. Please don’t give your children such a frightening childhood.
開(kāi)心一刻
人之初 性本善 性相近 習相遠
茍不教 性乃遷 教之道 貴以專(zhuān)
昔孟母 擇鄰處 子不學(xué) 斷機杼 Men at their birth are naturally good. Their natures are much the same; their habits become widely different.
If foolishly there is no teaching, the nature will deteriorate. The right way in teaching is to attach the utmost importance in thoroughness.
Of old, the mother of Mencius chose a neighborhood and when her child would not learn, she broke the shuttle from the loom.